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Journal of Applied Horticulture Selected Contents of Year
1Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Science and Humanities, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Odisha. 2Department of Chemistry, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha. 3Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Odisha. Corresponding e-mail: pradip_callme@yahoo.co.in, nanda.spandan56@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i01.18
Key words: Biochar, nanocomposites, photocatalysis, heavy metals, industrial dye, sustainable
Abstract: For a realistic solution, the synthesis of a cost-effective and efficient photocatalyst for the environmental need is utmost essential. Here, a simple in situ hydrothermal method that is a type of “green synthesis” since it doesn’t require harmful chemicals was used to synthesise the simple catalyst Co3O4/reduced graphene oxide/biochar (CBG). The Co3O4 nanoparticles are finely distributed over the sheets of reduced graphene oxide and biochar during the morphological examination, making the composite stable and appropriate for environmental applications. This catalyst was specifically used to create a Z-scheme heterostructure composite that significantly improves the Co3O4 and biochar/rGO photocatalytic performance when exposed to visible light. When it comes to dye and heavy metal Chromium (VI) degradation, the catalyst composite exhibited significantly greater catalytic efficacy compared to individual catalysts. The structural, morphological, and optical features of the CBG nanocomposite were primarily responsible for its exceptional visible light photocatalytic activity with a maximum kinetic rate constant. By optimising the catalyst ratio, the herein described technology can be used to create a promising photocatalyst for environment friendly and sustainable development.
Kavita Yadav1, T. Damodaran2*, Kakoli Dutt1, Sangeeta Kumari2, Prasenjith Debnath2, Alok Shukla1 and Ram Gopal3
1Banasthali Vidyapeeth, Jaipur, Inida. 2ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow-226101, India. 3Krishi Vigyan Kendra, ANDUAT, Ayodhya, India. Corresponding e-mail: damhort73@gmail.com
Abstract: The field survey conducted in Rajasthan, India, unveiled the widespread occurrence of Fusarium wilt in cumin fields that have been continuously cultivated for approximately 4 to 5 years. The incidence of this disease exceeded 30%, affecting cumin plants at all stages of growth, with severe symptoms ultimately resulting in the complete mortality of the plants. In laboratory studies, a bacterial isolate known as Bacillus licheniformis (CSR-D4) exhibited remarkable in vitro effectiveness, significantly inhibiting Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cumnini (FOC) mycelial growth by an impressive 79.85%. In controlled pot experiments, cumin plants treated with B. licheniformis (CSR-D4) displayed milder symptoms than untreated plants, demonstrating a notably higher tolerance level, with only a 15% disease incidence as opposed to 90% in untreated plants. Further analysis of defense enzymes revealed elevated chlorophyll, carotenoid, peroxidase activity levels, and proline content in cumin plants treated with B. licheniformis (CSR-D4). Field assessments confirmed the efficacy of this bacterial isolate, as it successfully suppressed wilt incidence by 60%, significantly increased crop yield by 71.16%, and promoted root and shoot growth. Notably, applying B. licheniformis (CSR-D4) did not negatively impact beneficial microorganisms, and no adverse phytotoxic symptoms were observed. This study underscores the considerable potential of B. licheniformis (CSR-D4) in managing Fusarium wilt, offering an environmentally friendly and highly effective solution to enhance the health and productivity of pea plants.
Muhammad Munir1,2*
1Date Palm Research Center of Excellence, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, P.O. Box 31982, Saudi Arabia. 2Frontier Agriculture, SOYL Precision Crop Production Division, Newbury, United Kingdom. Corresponding e-mail: mmunir@kfu.edu.sa
Abstract: Chrysanthemum is a short-day plant, which flowers when the night length is longer. Photoperiod and temperature are two key environmental factors that affect time of flowering. In the current research, experiments were carried out to study the flowering response of two cultivars of chrysanthemum, i.e., Crimson Glory and Snowscape under four distinct photoperiods (8, 11, 14, and 17 h d?1), shading levels (20, 30, 40, and 60%), and temperatures (10, 15, 20, and 25 °C). A qualitative short-day response was observed in all experiments. Both cultivars took minimum time to flower when grown under 8 h d?1, however, it was significantly delayed when photoperiod decreased. Similarly, days taken to flowering were decreased significantly when plants were grown in 30% shade, which was delayed by increasing shade level (40 and 60%). Temperature also had a significant effect on the developmental phases of flower as above (25 °C) and below (10?15 °C) 20 °C temperature delayed flowering time. The present study also confirms that per day rate of progress to flowering was higher at 8 h d?1 photoperiod, in 30% shade level, and at 20 °C temperature. These findings revealed a prospect of plant scheduling of the flowering time of chrysanthemum cultivars grown in long-day photoperiod to extend their marketing period, as the plants remains vegetative. A steady supply of this flowering annual can also be maintained in the market by growing them under different shades. The quality of plants would also benefit from an ideal growing temperature of between 15-20 °C.
Resti Safitri1, Erma Prihastanti2* and Sri Darmanti2
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Diponegoro, Indonesia. 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, University of Diponegoro, Indonesia. Corresponding e-mail: eprihast@yahoo.co.id
Abstract: Vanilla is a type of spice plant with high economic value. The availability of healthy vanilla seedlings is now one of the conditions for successful large-scale vanilla cultivation. Conventional cultivation of vanilla generally uses a vegetative method (cuttings), in which the growth of roots and shoots is slow, so it needs to be accelerated. Application of the combination of plant growth regulator and biological inoculant is expected to stimulate root growth and development. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely auxin, which consisted of 4 concentration levels, namely: A0 (0 ppm), A1 (50 ppm), A2 (100 ppm), A3 (150 ppm); and T. harzianum which consisted of 4 concentration levels, namely: T0 (0 g), T1 (2 g), T2 (4 g), and T3 (6 g). Data analysis used quantitative methods. The results showed that there was no interaction between T. harzianum and auxin. The addition of T. harzianum could increase the vegetative growth of vanilla cuttings in the parameters of shoot growth time, plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight, and root length while the application of auxin affects the increased in the number of roots of vanilla cuttings.
Sagar Teraiya, Dhaval Nirmal and Preetam Joshi*
Department of Biotechnology, Atmiya University, Rajkot (India) 360005.Corresponding e-mail: preetam.joshi@atmiyauni.ac.in
Abstract: The current work aims to provide a cost-effective and reliable micropropagation method of banana using some natural extract of unexplored potential seaweeds. We tried natural extract of eight different seaweeds (C. racemosa, Gracilaria edalis, Caulerpa paspaloides, Ulva lactuca, Sargassum tenerrimum., Caulerpa sertularioides, Sargassum wightii, Gracilaria corticata.) to check their role in in vitro growth and development of micropropagules and their potential in replacing commercial plant growth regulators (PGRs) in banana micropropagation. The in vitro developed shoots were allowed to grow on modified MS medium supplemented with different seaweed extracts and regularly subcultured on the same medium throughout the experiment. The growth and biochemical parameters were recorded and compared with micropropagules growing in a controlled environment (i.e., MS medium supplemented with/without standard PGRs). We found a significant increase in shoot length (highest in S. tenerrimum, i.e. double as compared to negative control), shoot number (highest in G. edalis, i.e., three fold as compared to negative control) and fresh weight (S. tenerrimum) ofthe banana micropropagules when grown under the influence of Liquid Seaweed Extract (LSE). This is comparable to growth observed in standard control conditions (i.e. positive control). However, addition of LSE of G. corticate, C. paspaloides and S. wightii did not show any noteworthy effect on shoot length, shoot number and fresh weight. Total chlorophyll and other biomolecule accumulation in test propagules varied with types and concentrations of LSE. S. tenerrimum proved to be overall good growth promoter, as it caused maximum accumulation of chlorophyll (0.202±0.02mg g-1) and protein (105±0.45mg g-1) and significant and encouraging results in phenol, carbohydrates and proline. Our results show that seaweed can be potential source of beneficial natural compounds and it can be a cheaper option in banana micropropagation technology.
Sheren A. Atala, Mona M. Haffez and M. EL-M. Saad
Department of Postharvest and Handling of Vegetable Crops, Horticulture Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.Corresponding e-mail: mona.montasser75@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2023.v25i03.44
Key words: Asparagus spears, ozone gas, 1-methylcyclopropane, active MAP, cold storage, PAL enzyme.
Abstract: This study was conducted during 2022 and 2023 seasons to evaluate the influence of 1-MCP as sheet contained 5%, exposed to ozone gas (4 or 7 ppm), active MAP (5% O2 + 5% CO2 or 5% O2 + 10% CO2) and passive MAP as compared with untreated control on quality attributes and storability of asparagus spears (UC157 F2) during storage at 2°C and 90-95% RH for 20 days. Results indicated that asparagus spears treated with all postharvest treatments were effective in reducing weight loss %, curvature, Phenylalanine ammonia-lays enzyme activity, discoloration, colour change, O2 consumption and CO2 production as well as in maintaining total chlorophyll, total phenolic and the overall appearance of spears during storage as compared with untreated control. However, asparagus spears treated with ozone gas at 4 ppm were the most effective treatment in preserving all the quality attributes of spears. Furthermore, this treatment showed the excellent appearance of spears without any discoloration and curvature till 20 days of storage while ozone gas (7 ppm), 1-MCP and active MAP (5% O2 + 5% CO2) treatments gave a good appearance at the same period. The gas composition inside the package treated with ozone gas at 4 or 7 ppm had high O2 and low CO2 %.
R. Chandrakala1*, K. Venkatesan1, B. Senthamizh Selvi1, N. Senthil2 and G Karthikeyan3
1Department of Spices and Plantation Crops, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, India. 2Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Centre for Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, Tamil Nadu, India. 3Department of Plant Pathology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, India. Corresponding e-mail: chandrakalaraj897@gmail.com
Abstract: Spiny coriander (Eryngium foetidum L.) is a perennial medicinal herb commonly cultivated in tropical regions, notably in India, where it is celebrated for its culinary applications, providing garnish and flavor enhancement to a multitude of dishes while also being employed in traditional remedies for various ailments. In this study, we investigated the volatile flavor constituents of this unique plant via Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and found that the essential oil content of Eryngium leaves was approximately 0.15%. GC-MS analysis of the essential oil extracted from E. foetidum leaves revealed the presence of 50 distinct compounds. Remarkably, among constituents, trans-2-dodecenal was the most abundant, representing a substantial 23.74% of the total composition, thereby playing a pivotal role in defining the unique flavor of Eryngium. With their remarkable chemodiversity, Eryngium species hold great potential for applications in various industries, including the culinary, pharmaceutical and fragrance sectors.
G. Basavaraj1*, C. Rashmitha2, S.S. Pramod Nayak2 and G. K. Seetharamu4
1Centre of Excellence for Farmer Producer Organizations, UHS Campus, GKVK, Bengaluru, India. 2UAS Bengaluru, India. 3College of Horticulture, Bengaluru, India. Corresponding e-mail: basavarajg73@gmail.com
Abstract: Jasmine is one of the major commercial flower crops cultivated in all most all districts of Karnataka. Hadagali jasmine (Jasminum azoricum) grown in Huvina Hadagali taluk of newly formed Vijayanagara district has got Geographical Indication (GI) due to its unique fragrance. A large section of the farmers surrounding the villages of Huvina Hadagali cultivate jasmine as their source of livelihood. Research studies to examine the production practices, marketing and constraints associated with jasmine cultivation in Huvina Hadagali were limited. Hence, a study was undertaken to understand the production and marketing practices of Hadagali jasmine. The primary data was collected from 60 jasmine growers during 2020-21. The results of the study have shown that with the average yield of the flowers at 3,236 kg per acre, the total cost of cultivation was Rs. 2,24,069 per acre and farmers realized gross and net returns of Rs. 4,53,579 and Rs. 2,29,511 respectively. The benefit to cost ratio at 2.02 showed that the establishment and maintenance of jasmine garden was economically viable. About 70 per cent of sample farmers sold jasmine to distant markets and the trade was facilitated by commission cum wholesalers. A kilogram of GI jasmine was transformed into 20 lengths of 4-6 ft in wholesale market and are sold as strings of 1-1.5 ft in retail market at Rs.20/length. The price spread between producer and consumer in the most frequently traded channel is Rs. 280 per kg and share of the producer in consumer rupee was only 35 per cent. GI jasmine is an important source of livelihood for different value chain actors and provides ample opportunities for floriculture business. Hence, support should be extended to jasmine growers to form farmer producer organizations (FPO) which will facilitate both forward and backward linkages, explore options for value addition and promote exports to enhance farmers income.
1LR21AGR02-Agrobiodiversity and Ecotoxicology, High Agronomic Institute of Chott-Mariam, University of Sousse, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia. 2LR21AGR03-Production and Protection for a Sustainable Horticulture, Regional Research Centre on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture (CRRHAB), 4042 Chott-Mariem, IRESA, Tunisia. 3Regional Research Centre on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture (CRRHAB), IRESA-University of Sousse; 4042 Chott-Mariem, Sousse, Tunisia. 4Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de Extremadura. Km. 372; 06187 Guadajira (Badajoz)- Spain.Corresponding e-mail: chokribayoudh@gmail.com
Abstract: Fig (Ficus carica L.) cultivation is affronting serious problems caused by biotic and abiotic stresses. Application of in vitro techniques became necessary for plant material sanitation, rapid propagation and conservation. The present study aims the regeneration of in vitro plants of local fig cultivars using different explant types. For that purpose, shoot tips, meristems and leaf segments of 3 local fig cultivars (Soltani, Zidi, Bither Abiadh) and a caprifig (Assafri) were cultivated in vitro. MS media with different concentrations of growth hormones: ?-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), Kinetin (Kin), N6-(2-Isopentenyl)adenine (2iP), Gibberellic acid (GA3) and Thidiazuron (TDZ) and various antioxidants were tested for explants initiation, multiplication and rooting. The combination of 0.2 mg L-1 BAP, 0.1 mg L-1 GA3 and 0.1 mg L-1 NAA was the most appropriate for the best meristem establishment rates. The highest establishment rates were obtained with explants taken in spring for Zidi (62.3%) and Bither Abiadh (96.7%) and in autumn for Assafri (100%). From shoot-tip explants, Zidi gave the highest shoot number during the multiplication step. The rates of leaf fragments regenerating adventitious shoots, reached 75.6% and 57.2%, respectively, for Soltani and Assafri on media enriched by TDZ and IBA. MS medium with 1 mg L-1 IBA allowed the best rooting rates for Bither Abiadh and Assafri explants. Vitroplants in vivo rooting was more effective due to their high success rates and the simplicity of the method. Three months after acclimatization, the survival and success rates of the vitroplants were 80-90%.
Abstract: Understanding the essential role of ethylene release in the long-distance transportation of climacteric fruits, like mangoes, is crucial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ethylene release and the postharvest ripening of mangoes. The research employed innovative ripening sachets to control the ripening process, specifically focusing on extending shelf life and enhancing quality. Dashehari mangoes exposed to ripening sachets releasing 100 ppm of ethylene exhibited improved quality attributes. The 6th day post-treatment recorded the highest total soluble solids (TSS) at 17.37 °B and the lowest acidity at 0.23%. Ascorbic acid content and firmness were measured at 22.50 mg 100 gm-1 and 2.63 kg cm-², respectively. Polygalacturonase activity in mango pulp (11.80,08.56 U mL-1 min-1) and peel (34.00, 20.30 U mL-1 min-1) peaked on the 4th and 6th day, respectively. The peel colour L* value increases from 2nd to 6th day after treatment, whereas the a* and b* values increased from 2nd to 4th day and the a* and b* values gradually decreased on 6th day in all the treatments except T4. The study suggests that ripening sachets have the potential to effectively regulate mango ripening and preserving fruit quality for an extended period.
P.R. Hussain*and P. Suradkar
Astrophysical Sciences Division, Nuclear Research Laboratory, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Srinagar, 190024, India. Corresponding e-mail:mutteebar@gmail.com, phussain@barc.gov.in
Abstract: Matured table apricots harvested at commercial maturity were irradiated in the dose range of 0.25-1.0 kGy and stored under refrigerated (3±1 0C, RH 85 %) conditions. The fruits were evaluated at intervals of 5 days for various physico-chemical parameters. Studies revealed that phytosanitary irradiation treatment maintained the storage quality of table apricots under refrigerated conditions. Positive correlations (r = 0.89) existed between irradiation treatment and firmness retention, whereas an inverse correlation (r = –0.86) existed between radiation and water-soluble pectin. Color scores revealed that L, a and b values increased by 13.1%, 68.9% and 21.5% in un-irradiated apricots compared to 6.1%, 44.9% and 14.1% in samples irradiated at 1.0 kGy, after 30 days of storage. During storage, ascorbic acid decreased by 86.8% in control compared to 56.2% in 1.0 kGy treated apricots. Phytosanitary radiation treatment at 1.0 kGy caused a significant (p ? 0.05) increase (7.5%) in total phenolics, besides minimizing subsequent degradation of phenols during storage. Microbial analysis indicated that in samples irradiated at 0.75 kGy and 1.0 kGy, no microbial load was detected up to 10 and 20 days of storage and resulted in about 1.0 log reduction in microbial load after 30 days of storage.
S.A. Ardiningtyas1, D.D. Matra1, R. Poerwanto1, Krisantini1 and N.P.S. Asih2
1Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia. 2Research Center for Biosystematics and Evolution, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). Corresponding e-mail: krisantini@apps.ipb.ac.id
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2023.v25i03.50
Key words: Scindapsus pictus, Scindapsus treubii, West Borneo
Abstract: Scindapsus (Araceae) is commonly found growing wild in Indonesian forests, including West Borneo. Scindapsus has been extensively cultivated and marketed, but information about the variability, morphology and growth of the plant is limited. This study aimed to identify five types of Indonesian Scindapsus based on their morphology, leaf anatomy, and growth patterns. The morphology study observed the plant’s organ structures, including leaves, stems, and roots. The anatomy study examined the tissue structure of the leaf lamina, including epidermal cells and stomata. The growth observations were conducted by propagating the plants through stem cuttings. The research findings showed that, based on their morphology, the five types of Scindapsus in this study could be classified into two groups: Scindapsus pictus and Scindapsus treubii. The differences between the two groups were in the shape and pattern of their leaves. Based on leaf anatomy, structure, shape of the epidermal cells, and stomata types were the same for all five species, but Scindapsus treubii 2 has the thickest lamina.
1Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, Bagalkot, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India. 2Department of Biotechnology and Crop Improvement, College of Horticulture, Bagalkot, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India. 3Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, Sirsi, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India. 4Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Horticulture, Bagalkot, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India. Corresponding e-mail: vahcychongloi23@gmail.com
Abstract: Dragon fruit cultivation is surging massively because of its high nutritional and medicinal value and profit to the farmers. Micropropagation offers healthy, vigorous and uniform planting material to meet the soaring demand. However, the high cost of tissue-cultured planting material prevents farmers from buying it. Commonly used potting media, peat, perlite, and vermiculite, contribute significantly to the higher cost of micropropagules. In this study, low-cost potting media such as soil, sand and vermicompost were evaluated as alternative potting media for hardening tissue-cultured plants of dragon fruit. Well-rooted micro shoots were transplanted into Protrays containing different proportions of soil, sand and vermicompost and the plant survivability, the number of shoots and roots and their respective length and chlorophyll content were recorded. Sand and vermicompost (1:1 v/v) were found to be the best potting media exhibiting 100% survivability (15 days of hardening of the plants), producing the highest number of shoots (7.66 shoots/plant) with a mean length of shoots (10.61 cm) and 11.27 roots per plant with a mean length of 10.38 cm root length (at 120 days of hardening). Cent per cent survivability was noticed even at 120 days after hardening. Sand and vermicompost, with less than 10% of the cost of peat, perlite and vermiculite may be used as low-cost potting media for the hardening of tissue-cultured plants.
Sneha Leela Garnepudi1*, L. Pugalendhi1, A. Sankari1, A. Usha Nandhini Devi2, M. Raveendran 3 and M.K. Kalarani4
1Department of Vegetable Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, India. 2Department of Post-Harvest and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, India. 3Directorate of Research, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, India. 4Director (Crop Management) Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, 641003, India. Corresponding e-mail: snehawilliams96@gmail.com Tel: 9492708167
Abstract: Vegetable grafting plays a significant role in modern agricultural practices, effectively managing abiotic and biotic stresses. Additionally, it offers the advantage of enhancing the phenotypic traits of the scion. This technique has gained widespread acceptance in commercial cultivation, particularly in crops like tomato, watermelon, melon, eggplant, etc.,but has not been reported in Solanum nigrum. The appeal lies in its swiftness compared to the traditional method of breeding vegetables with improved environmental stress tolerance. This study focused on identifying and studying the components present in the leaves and fruits of both grafted and ungrafted Solanum nigrum. The GC-MS analysis unveiled a multitude of bioactive compounds, some of which are well-known antioxidants and possess anti-inflammatory properties. These beneficial attributes make them potentially valuable for promoting health and well-being. In addition, Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to identify functional groups in the methanolic extracts. The FTIR findings confirmed the existence of diverse functional groups, such as alkanes, alkynes, carboxylic acids, aldehydes, and nitriles, within the selected grafted Solanum nigrum samples. The research outcomes suggest that the extracts could be valuable in managing fungal infections in crops, which may contribute to the successful grafting of Solanum nigrum onto wild rootstocks. The presence of bioactive compounds with antifungal properties in the extracts might enhance disease resistance, making a successful grafting process a viable solution for improved and extended production. This underscores the critical necessity for continued research, highlighting its potential benefits to various domains, including medicine and nutrition.
S.C. Ravi1, Karma Beer1*, A.K. Gupta1, T. Amrutha2, Maneesh Mishra1, Rohit Jaiswal1 and T. Damodaran1
1Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow (U.P.)-226101, India. 2Agricultural Technology Application Research Institute, Umaim (Meghalaya)-793104, India. Corresponding e-mail: karma.beer@icar.gov.in
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2023.v25i03.53
Key words: Mango, value chain, supply chain, marketing efficiency, price spread, cost and returns and constraints
Abstract: The study looked into the dynamics of Dashehari mango value chain in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. A survey of 120 farmers from the Malihabad and Mall blocks of Lucknow was used to collect data. The total cultivation cost per hectare was determined to be Rs. 1,79,469, with variable costs accounting for 53%. Farmers reported an average yield of 11.3 tons per hectare, which falls short of Uttar Pradesh’s state productivity for mango. The net return over variable costs was calculated to be Rs. 1,57,050 per hectare. A thorough mapping of the mango value chain in the study area was carried out, followed by a constraint analysis. Harvesting and postharvest losses totaled 13.2%, with retailers bearing the brunt. Pre-harvest contracts were the most common method of mango marketing, with 60-65% of farmers using them. Producers’ shares of the consumer rupee varied, ranging from 24% in pre-harvest contract channels to 87% and 62.5%, respectively, in direct marketing and marketing through Farmer Producer Organizations (FPOs). Farmers in the mango value chain faced challenges such as pest management, low shelf life, senile orchards, poor price realization, a lack of processing facilities, and a lack of crop insurance schemes. The study emphasizes the importance of long-term interventions to improve the orchard ecosystem and nutrient management, thereby improving farmers’ livelihoods. To address these challenges, promoting the widespread adoption of good agricultural practices, canopy management, integrated pest, disease, and nutrient management, and advanced harvesting techniques is necessary. Furthermore, the study emphasizes FPOs’ critical role in establishing a strong and interconnected network within the agricultural community. By implementing these strategies, the mango-producing region of Uttar Pradesh has the potential to foster a sustainable and thriving industry, contributing to farmer prosperity and the community’s overall economic growth.
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