1Pomology, Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University. Cairo University Street, Giza, Egypt. 2Horticultural Research Institute Agricultural Research Center. Horticultural Research Institute Agricultural Research Center, 9 Cairo University Street, Giza, Egypt. Corresponding e-mail: esraakassem46@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i02.37
Key words: vermicompost, foliar and soil treatments, African-rose, rootstocks, plum
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Abstract: This study was conducted on a farm of Horticultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt, during two successive seasons (2019 & 2020) on seedling African-rose plum grafted on two rootstocks (Nemaguard and Marianna 26-24, respectively) in sandy soil. African rose seedlings were treated with vermicompost liquid fertilization as follows: soil treatment by vermicompost diluted times, foliar treatment by vermicompost diluted 10 times, double treatment of the soil as mentioned above, and foliar applications and control. The main purpose of this project was to study the effect of vermicompost liquid fertilization on the vegetative growth behavior of African rose plum seedlings grafted on two different rootstocks and reducing the use of chemical fertilizers in the long run and establishing farms that depend on organic fertilization to preserve the environment and maintain consumer health. The results showed that all vermicompost treatments increased the vegetative growth parameters and leaf mineral content of African rose seedlings compared to the control. In addition to, the double treatment of soil and foliar applications gave the highest growth parameters and leaf mineral content. The endogenous hormone is significantly affected by all treatments under study. These results explain that vermicompost fluid improves the morphological and physiological characteristics of the treated seedlings and can be applied to produce organic plums. It gradually dispense with chemical fertilization, and preserve the environment.
Viticulture Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt. Corresponding e-mail: salwa.bedrech70@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i02.38
Key words: Early Sweet seedless grape, Plastic cover, Nitrogen, Potassium, fertilization, quality; microclimate
Abstract: To determine the vines' optimum nitrogen and potassium fertilization rates of Early Sweet grape cultivar under open field and plastic cover conditions, the study was undertaken in the two periods of 2019 and 2020 with a preliminary season in 2018. Six treatments were applied in this experiment, three in an open field and three under a transparent plastic cover with different rates of (60, 45 and 30 units fed-1) for nitrogen and (100, 75 and 50 units fed-1) for potassium. Results showed that the vines receiving rates of N 45 units + K 75 units fed-1 under plastic cover recorded a higher percentage of bud break followed by N 60 units + K 100 units fed-1 treatment under plastic cover. In addition to an earlier sprout than those in the open field, they gave the highest values in term of yield and all physical and chemical parameters for reproductive growth, except for the vegetative growth where the best treatment was obtained from N 60 units + K 100 units fed-1 under plastic cover followed by N 60 units + K 100 units fed-1 in the open field. This result suggests that the plastic cover has a beneficial effect on decreasing the rates of fertilization due to the change in vine canopy microclimate through enhancing vegetative and reproductive growth and creating a balance between them.
Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar- 190006, India. Corresponding e-mail: tahir.inayatullah@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i02.39
Key words: Digitalis purpurea L., antioxidant enzymes, flower longevity, senescence, silver thiosulphate, spermine
Abstract: The present investigation focused on the study of the exogenous inclusion of anti-senescence biogenic polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine) and ethylene antagonist silver thiosulphate on flower longevity and postharvest performance in excised flowers of Digitalis purpurea L. At one day before anthesis stage, isolated buds of Digitalis purpurea were transported to the laboratory in distilled water. The samples were divided into five sets with one set of flower buds (i.e., control) held in distilled water. The remaining four sets were respectively supplied with 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM of putrescine (PUT), 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mM of spermidine (SPD), 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 mM of spermine (SPM), 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mM of silver thiosulphate (STS). The inclusion of polyamines and STS in holding solutions enhanced the flower longevity of D. purpurea significantly compared to the control. The results indicated that the flower longevity of 14 days was recorded in 0.4 mM of spermine, followed by 13 days in 1 mM PUT, 12.5 days in 0.2 mM SPD and 12 days in 0.2 mM STS. This enhanced flower longevity corroborated with the higher values of soluble proteins, total sugars, floral diameter and membrane stability index. The improved flower longevity was also found to be positively associated with increased activities of various antioxidant enzymes viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and reduced activity of lipoxygenase (LOX). The flowers supplemented with different treatments retained a lower phenolic content than the control. This research concluded that polyamines and STS have a profound impact on the flower longevity of Digitalis flowers. SPM was found to be a more potential polyamine in augmenting the postharvest performance in isolated flowers of D. purpurea.
Department of Zoology1, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Amritsar2, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141004. Corresponding e-mail: rajwinder-singh@pau.edu
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i02.40
Key words: Fruit bats, LED bulb, light method, litchi crop, Pteropus giganteus
Abstract: Litchi (Litchi chinensis) is an important subtropical evergreen fruit crop of Punjab and is considerably damaged by the fruit bat (Pteropus giganteus). Since no study has been done in Punjab to assess fruit damage and control of fruit bats in litchi crop, present study was conducted in litchi orchards at two different locations (six sites) Gurdaspur [Regional Research Station (PAU), villages Ranjit Bagh and Tibar] and Pathankot (villages Sujanpur, Balusa and Malikpur) each having three replications, during 2018 and 2019. Our results reported that yield loss (%) to litchi fruits by P. giganteus was in the range from 6.85 to 8.93% and damage 5.59 kg/tree having average yield of 74.09 kg/tree. The average economic litchi fruit loss was calculated to be Rs. 32,232.0/acre. This damage to litchi fruit crop was minimized by using lighting, a non-lethal and non-polluting method (LED bulbs), with one-time installation cost. It is concluded that after installation of 16 LED bulbs/acre of 30 watts at a distance of 50 feet from each other in an upward position at the height of 8 feet above tree canopy in an orchard having 72 trees planted at a distance of 25×25 feet, we can reduce fruit bat damage to a lower level and can give a net economic return of Rs. 13448.0/acre to litchi fruit growers which will increase their farm income and help in conservation of fruit bats.
1Rajiv Gandhi Chair in Contemporary Studies on Livelihood and Food Security, 2KVK, Bandipora, 3School of Agricultural Economics and Horti-Business Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, 4Department of Environmental Studies, The Glocal University, U.P., 5Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture, Rangreth, Srinagar, 6Centre of Central Asian Studies, University of Kashmir, Srinagar & 7Demartment of Tourism Management, University of Kashmir, Srinagar. India Corresponding e-mail: bhatarshad09@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i02.41
Key words: Rate of adoption, new apple varieties, probit model, technological intervention, production gain
Abstract: Improved high-yielding apple varieties are important for reducing food insecurity in developing countries and improving horticultural production and productivity. The study used cross-sectional data from a survey conducted during 2021 fruit season, a probit model analysis was used to determine the probability of adopting new, improved apple varieties (NIAVs) by growers from two main apple-producing districts of Kashmir valley i.e., Shopian and Pulwama. The results revealed that the education of the respondent, extension services availed, and apple plant accessibility play significant roles in decisions regarding the adoption of new apple varieties. Moreover, farming variables like holding size is the key factor influencing the probability of adopting NIAVs in the study area. The extensive role performed by extension services, enormous emphasis on dissemination, demonstration, and growers' participatory studies and training packages to popularize and undertake new apple varieties and enhance their adoption rate is required on a large scale in the study area. The study suggests that policy intervention ought to be made to improve the educational status of apple-growing households and develop programs on a varietal package of apples that offer apple growers a variety of choices in selecting the appropriate varieties for adoption. Such programs ultimately help growers develop more profit-oriented behaviour, which will not only enhance adoption rate, profitability, and production but will also improve food & nutritional security in the long run in the region in the particular and whole valley in general.
1Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir Shalimar, Jammu and Kashmir, India-190025. 2Baba Farid College, Bathinda Punjab. 3Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Enugu-Onitsha Expressway, Awka P.M.B 5025, Anambra State, Nigeria. Corresponding e-mail: s.zahoor37@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i02.42
Key words: Apple, knowledge index, assessment, Kashmir, yield
Abstract: Apple is one of the important fruits grown in different regions, including India. In India, it is mainly cultivated in temperate regions of Kashmir valley due to its well suited climatic conditions. In Kashmir, most people are directly or indirectly dependent on apple cultivation for their livelihood. Apple is considered to be Kashmir’s eye as it produces 80% share of total fruit produced in the country and is the mainstay of the economy with revenue of around Rs 1500 crores. More than seven lakh families, i.e., above 50% of the population in the valley, are associated with this industry and almost 3.5 lakh hectares of land is under apple cultivation. The area under apple fruit has increased, but the production and productivity has not improved to a satisfactory level. Adopting improved technologies plays an important role in achieving the goal of higher production and productivity in Kashmir valley. A wide gap exists between the available technologies and its actual adoption by the apple growers was reflected through poor yield at the grower’s field. This disparity was entirely due to a lack of knowledge and awareness about various innovative techniques and technologies developed at different research stations. The study was carried out in various regions of Kashmir valley that were purposefully chosen to have the most area under apple cultivation. The study used a multistage sampling procedure. The study found that the mean knowledge index of apple growers in district Shopian was 51.75 percent, followed by the apple growers in district Baramulla (46.76%) and the least mean knowledge index (41.36%) was found among the apple growers of district Budgam. However, the overall mean knowledge index from all three districts was 46.62 percent. The study also found that apple growers’ knowledge index is determined by age, experience, education, media exposure, innovative proneness, scientific orientation, and risk orientation. Furthermore, apple growers need to follow innovative techniques and technologies to increase the production and productivity of apple fruit, maximize returns, and ensure food security.
1Department of Vegetable Science, 2Department of Plant Pathology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, Punjab, India.Corresponding e-mail: sk-randhawa@pau.edu
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i02.43
Key words: Brassica oleracea, Root-knot nematodes, resistance
Abstract: Root-knot nematodes of genus Meloidogyne are the most devastating plant parasitic nematodes of vegetable crops responsible for severe global economic losses. The objective of the present work was to study the diversity of Meloidogne species in cauliflower growing areas of Punjab and to identify the source of resistance against M. incognita. The root and soil samples were collected from the cauliflower growing areas and associated nematode specie(s) was identified based on perineal pattern morphology and morphometry of adult females. M. incognita sp. was found most prevalent in all the cauliflower growing areas surveyed. A total of thirty genotypes of Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea) was screened against root-knot nematode, M. incognita, in pots. Four genotypes viz., LSMVAR-6, PI1654, LSMVAR-2 and LS-4 were resistant to M. incognita with root galling index (RGI) less than 2.0 and reproduction factor (Rf) less than 1.0. Among others, fourteen genotypes showed hypersusceptible (RGI 2.0- 2.6; Rf 0.57-1.0) and eleven genotypes showed a susceptible reaction. The resistant genotypes identified in the present study may be utilized to incorporate resistance against M. incognita in commercial cauliflower cultivars.
1Department of Biotechnology, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad, Telangana, 503322, India. 2Department of Biotechnology, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad, Telangana, 503322, India. 3Department of Biotechnology, Telangana University, Dichpally, Nizamabad, Telangana, 503322, India. Corresponding e-mail: pmamidala@gmail.com; pmamidala@telanganauniversity.ac.in
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i02.44
Key words: Gerbera; reactive oxygen species (ROS); antioxidative defense; salinity; oxidative stress; fertigation
Abstract: Salinity adversely affects various plants’ metabolic processes, negatively influencing their productivity and crop yield. Gerbera jamesonii cv. Bolus is a commercially important ornamental plant cultivated globally throughout the year for its cut flower production in polyhouses. During polyhouse cultivation, repeated fertigation may cause salinity in Gerbera, affecting flower quality and yield, and functional alterations in the basal level of cellular antioxidative defence systems. Though several factors induce salinity in general, we focussed on NaCl as it is one of the major components of fertigation. In salt-stressed plants, monitoring altered levels of antioxidative defense systems may help better understand their physiological changes. However, little to no studies were attempted on salinity-induced oxidative damage in Gerbera till date. In the current study, we verified the salt sensitivity level of Gerbera with varying concentrations of NaCl (0-200 mM) using in vitro leaf disc approach. We measured various antioxidative enzymatic/non enzymatic defense systems besides MDA and chlorophyll content. Treatment with higher salt concentrations (above100 mM NaCl) exhibited severe bleaching in leaf discs, followed by elevated levels of H2O2, lipid peroxidation and proline. Besides, our study also revealed a decrease in the total chlorophyll content; activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and ascorbate peroxidase. The observed results showed that Gerbera might not tolerate higher levels of NaCl as it could be detrimental to its cellular activities. Future studies on decoding molecular networks associated with salinity stress and antioxidative defense systems may help in developing salt-tolerant varieties in Gerbera and several other ornamental plants of Asteraceae.
Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of PG Botany, Maharani’s Science College for Women, Mysore-570 005, Karnataka, India. Corresponding e-mail: drashoknpyati@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i02.45
Key words: Dendrobium, In vitro, orchids, plant growth regulators, propagation
Abstract: Dendrobiums are highly valued in the floriculture industry and have important medicinal properties used in preparing herbal medicines in different parts of the world. Numerous anthropogenic factors are leading to the rapid loss of natural stands of germplasm. Plant tissue culture, specifically in vitro propagation, may be the only viable solution for preserving and reintroducing Rare Endangered Threatened (RET) back into the wild. An efficient protocol for in vitro seed germination and propagation through various explants of Dendrobiums was established. The protocols developed will help alleviate the pressure on the natural population under stress but also help meet its demands in pharmaceutical and ornamental industries and form the basis for conservation. A perusal of available literature reveals that micropropagation has been achieved using immature or mature seeds/embryos, protocorms, shoot tips, TLCs, leaf explants, pseudobulbs and nodal segments in Dendrobiums. This review provides a short synopsis of the advances made thus far in the in vitro propagation of ornamental and medicinal Dendrobiums.
1ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow-226101, India. 2Advanced Computing & Research Laboratory, Department of Computer Application, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, India. Corresponding e-mail: Harish.verma@icar.gov.in
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i02.46
Key words: Accuracies, change detection, Landsat 8 OLI, mango (Mangifera Indica L.), satellite images, vegetation
Abstract: Change detection is a process of identifying and quantifying the differences between images of the same scene at different times and in mango fruit crop is still a very challenging task. The major challenge of change detection in mango is discriminating between perennial fruit crops because many of these crops have similar reflectance profiles. Accurate change detection in the mango area will help the government prepare for area expansion and conservation planning. The main aim of this study was to determine the efficient change detection method for mango fruit crop among the most commonly used change detection methods. In this work, a comparative study was conducted by using Landsat 8 OLI images of two different dates i.e. 14 February, 2015 and 25 February, 2019 of the Malihabad mango region of Lucknow district. In this paper, four change detection methods namely, Vegetation Index Differencing (VID), Log Ratio (LR), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Image Rationg (IR) were evaluated to detect the changes in mango crop area. To extract the mango regions, Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) images of year 2015 and 2019 were calculated and further used to retrieve the VID, LR, PCA, and IR raster images. After that, these four raster images were thresholded to annotate the ‘Positive change’, ‘Negative change’ and ‘No change’ areas; thereafter, to obtain the final change map, masking was applied to mask out the non-mango area. Change detection accuracy was calculated using ground truth data to assess performance. After conducting the comparative analysis of all four change detection methods, it was found that the highest change detection accuracy is achieved with the VID and PCA followed by LR and IR, respectively. PCA and VID methods provided higher accuracies, followed by LR to detect changes in mango crop area. It is due to these methods' capability to enhance the information on the change.
Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi- 221005 (U.P), India. Corresponding e-mail: kumarharsh12312@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i01.20
Key words: Cluster, genetic divergence, germplasm, Mahalanobis D2 statistic, Tocher’s method
Abstract: An investigation was carried out at Vegetables Research Farm of the Department of Horticulture, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, during Zaid season (Feb-May) of 2019 to evaluate 26 genotypes of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) for genetic diversity based on 32 morphological and 4 biochemical traits. Since any breeding program’s success depends broadly on the available genetic diversity and the rational selection of parents, the wider genetic diversity of the genotypes offers plentiful room for further improvement in available cultivars. Therefore, Mahalanobis’s D2 statistic was adopted for quantitative assessment of genetic divergence and based on the relative magnitude of D2 values, twelve clusters were formed. Of the twelve clusters, cluster I was largest with the nine genotypes, followed by cluster ? with seven genotypes. Among the traits studied, maximum genetic divergence was contributed by the character seed weight index (15.38%). The maximum inter-cluster distance was recorded between cluster VII and XI (106.09) while, the intra-cluster distance was highest in cluster III (46.03) which marked the presence of wide genetic diversity among the genotypes GP-150, Pusa Madhuras, MHY-3, GP-20, MM-1, Durgapur Selection, and GP-73. The inter-cluster distance was more than the intra-cluster distance indicating the presence of wide genetic diversity, among the genotypes under study.
1ICAR-Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Lucknow-226101, India. 2Department of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow-226026, India. 3Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India. Corresponding e-mail: anju.bajpai@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i01.21
Key words: Salinity, 2-D Electrophoresis, 13-1, rootstock, signal transduction, phenol accumulation, Cell wall and cytoskeleton, transcription regulation
Abstract: Increasing salinity is a cause of concern for meeting UN sustainable development goals and needs urgent mitigation strategies. The widespread use of salinity tolerant rootstocks in salt-sensitive fruits provides long-term solutions to the harsh effects of soil salinization. Polyembryonic mango cultivar 13-1, a salinity-tolerant variety from Israel, was used to unravel initial salt adaptive mechanism by imposing a salinity screen at 200mM NaCl. Differentially accumulated proteins were separated through 2-D electrophoresis (pH gradient 4.0-7.0), and identified through properties of pI and molecular weight by annotation against Citrus isoelectric focusing database. Protein spots (309) were detected on Coomassie-stained gels and about 22 spots were found differentially expressed in control and stress. Overproduction of stress-related proteins like polygalacturonase (97 kDa/4.9PI) and alcohol dehydrogenase (38kDa/5.6PI) is linked to enhanced cell wall integrity, transpiration rate regulation and ionic maintenance in adaptability mechanism. The upregulated phenylpropanoid pathway proteins p-coumaroyl ester, Flavanone3-hydroxylase-2 and UDP-glycosyl transferase are also involved in stress alleviation through flavonoid accumulation. Glutathione S-transferase was also identified with 2.21-fold accumulation in plants exposed to salinity stress, thereby elucidating its role in oxidative stress mitigation. Cell wall and cytoskeleton metabolism-related proteins were also found to be associated with salinity adaptation in mango cv 13-1. Differential accumulation of proteins implicated in signal transduction pathway, transcription regulation and hormone signaling were also identified. Thus, role of differentially expressed proteins under initial salinity stress conditions provide new insights molecular adjustment mechanisms orchestrated by mango rootstock variety by hormone signaling, osmotic arrangements, cytoskeleton modifications, phenol accumulation and transcription regulation.
Division of Fruit Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Jammu, Chatha, Jammu- 180009, India. Corresponding e-mail: simrandeep.kour88@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i01.22
Key words: Regulated deficit irrigation, partial root zone drying, storage, fertigation
Abstract: A two-year study was undertaken in the Division of Fruit Science, SKUAST-J, to examine the effect of differential irrigation regimes as pre-harvest treatments (regulated deficit irrigation and partial root-zone drying) on the shelf life of mango grown in open field conditions. Maximum physiological weight loss (21.06% and 21.10%) and decay loss (51.00% and 52.20%) was recorded under treatment T10 (no irrigation) whereas, minimum was recorded in treatment T9. The fruit moisture was recorded maximum in T7 (77.46 % and 77.72 %) whereas T10 recorded minimum (70.55% and 70.83%) fruit moisture during 2017 and 2018, respectively. Both years recorded maximum fruit firmness in T9 (21.62 and 22.47 lb/in2) and minimum in T10 (14.61 and 15.46 lb/in2). On a mean value basis maximum fruit moisture content and fruit firmness was recorded on 0 day of storage which decreased significantly and continuously upto 10th the day of storage. In contrast, minimum PLW content was recorded on 2nd day of storage which increased significantly and constantly up to 10th the day of storage and minimum decay loss content was recorded on 6th day of storage which increased significantly and continuously upto 10th the day of storage during 2017 and 2018, respectively.
Department of Horticulture, Sikkim University, 6th Mile, Samdur, Tadong-737102, Gangtok, Sikkim, India. Corresponding e-mail: supadhyay@cus.ac.in
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i01.23
Key words: Large cardamom, essential oil, GC-MS, Amomum subulatum, capsule, Zingiberaceae
Abstract: An experiment was conducted to study the essential constituents in four major cultivars of large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.). Each sample was analysed for volatile oil content using hydro-distillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus. The essential oil content varied from 2.70 to 1.90% and highest amount of essential oil content 2.70% was obtained from variety Golsey. The composition of the essential oil was determined by GC-MS which led to the identification of 47 compounds representing 93%-99.7% of the total oil. The major components identified in the oil were 1,8-Cineole, ?-pinene, ?-Pinene, ?-Terpineol, ?-thujene, ?-terpineol, limonene, ?-terpineol, ?- terpinene and myrcene. Out of 47 metabolites analysed it was found 1,8-Cineole was the major component in the large cardamom oil. Golsey cultivar contained the highest numbers of major metabolites among the cultivars tested. Further, Ramsey cultivar was found with high percentage of 1,8-cineole.
1Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India. 2Department of Spices and Plantation Crops, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India. Corresponding e-mail: ck@via.ac.in
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i01.24
Key words: Banana, biochar, nutrients, palmyrah, pyrolysis, sugarcane, vetiver, water purification
Abstract: A lab experiment was conducted in Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture (Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University), Pollachi, Tamil Nadu, India during 2018-2019 in a completely randomized design to study the effect of vetiver root (Chrysopogon zizanioides) and other biochars on water quality and water nutrient status in Bore well water and Well water. The experiment consisted of five main factors and two sub-factors. The samples like vetiver root, vetiver root biochar, sugarcane bagasse, palmyrah fruit and banana peel were shade dried and dried in a hot air oven at different temperatures for uniform drying. The pyrolysis process i.e. dried samples into biochar with the recommended temperatures, was carried out in Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi. Water from Bore well and well was filtered using vetiver root and different biochars. Water quality parameters such as pH, EC, TDS, potassium, alkalinity were analyzed. The analysis concludes that vetiver root biochar-treated water showed best results in pH, Electrical conductivity, TDS, Potassium and Sodium concentrations.