1Department of Horticulture, Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh (India) - 474001. 2ICAR- National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, Maharashtra (India) – 412307. 3MPKV, Rahuri, Maharashtra (India) – 413722. 4VNMKV, Parbhani, Maharashtra (India) - 431402. Corresponding e-mail: rgsgrapes@gmail.com, ausaripraveen@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i04.93
Key words: Cabernet Sauvignon, grafted, grapes, rootstocks, vines, wine quality and yield.
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Abstract: The present study was conducted at ICAR-National Research Centre for Grapes, Pune, during the fruiting season of 2022–2023, and the experiment was laid out using a Randomized Block Design with 8 rootstocks. Research findings revealed that yield and quality are affected by rootstocks. Yield/vine (7.24 kg), number of bunches (78.41), TSS (23.88 oBrix), phenol content (0.250 mg/g), reducing sugar (398.98 mg/g) and flavonoid content (5.85 mg/g) was higher in Cabernet Sauvignon grafted on 110R rootstock. A higher number of berries/bunch (133.67), juice recovery (64.07%) and anthocyanin content (2304.12 mg/L) were recorded in Dogridge grafted vines. The vines grafted on Gravesac rootstock had a higher 50-berry weight (53.67 g) as compared to other rootstocks. A higher bunch weight (110.23 g) was recorded in grafted vines on SO4. Cabernet Sauvignon grafted on 140 Ru recorded higher acidity (6.67 mg/L), colour intensity (0.680) in juice, total acids (7.5 g/L) in wine and better wine colour (8.7). Higher tannins (2.52 and 2.641 mg/g in juice and wine, respectively), proline content (2.196 mg/g), alcohol content (13.53%) and volatile acids (0.44 g/L) were estimated in wine prepared from Cabernet Sauvignon grafted on 1103P rootstock. Higher anti-oxidant (51.57 µ.moles/g) and acidity (1.50%) of wine were recorded in Fercal grafted vines. Higher glucose content (2.65 g/L), mallic acid (2.48 g/L), aroma, taste, flavour and overall acceptability of wine (7.3) was found in Cabernet Sauvignon grafted on 101.14 Mgt.
School of Public Health, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India. Corresponding e-mail: kanimozc@srmist.edu.in
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i04.94
Key words: Horticulture intervention, therapeutic horticulture, perceived stress scale, inclusion of nature, urban stress, virtual reality, visual therapy.
Abstract: The dominant urbanization and work environment, which have imposed stress on individuals and isolated them from nature, prompted this research into alleviating such stress through therapeutic horticulture interventions. The participant’s stress levels, engagement with nature, and socio-demographic status were documented by questionnaires and subjective feedback. The natural and simulated environments serve as interventional methods to stimulate the sensory aspects of urban dwellers through visual, aural, gustatory, tactile, and olfactory therapies. The garden configuration, virtual reality devices, fragrant oils, plant-derived beverages, and infinity walking configurations barefoot constitute the intervention measures. The horticulture interventions, both in natural and artificial environments, significantly reduced urban stress levels, yielding a mean value of 17.6±4.44, in contrast to the pre-test value of 20.8±4.14. The inclusion of nature in the self-scale score demonstrates a positive increase from 3.3±1.78 in the pre-test to 5.46±1.07 in the post-test. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was employed to determine the disparity between the two methods of horticultural therapy. The efficacy of natural and simulated methods for horticulture interventions demonstrated a significantly higher ranking for the natural approach, with a significance level of 1%. The paired t-test was employed to compare the differences between pre-test and post-test data for natural and simulated therapy. The findings indicate that despite residing in a technologically advanced society, there is a preference for the natural world over the simulated one.
1Department of Food Processing Technology, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat. 2Department of Food Quality Assurance, Anand Agricultural University Anand, Gujarat. 3Department of Food Engineering, College of Food Processing Technology and Bio-Energy, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat, 388110, India. Corresponding e-mail: nileshrsardar@aau.in
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i03.51
Key words: Spices, ajwain, cryogenic grinding, volatile oil
Abstract: The therapeutic benefits of seed spices have long been acknowledged, and there is growing interest in their potential biological activity in human health. Ajwain (Trachyspermum ammi L.), a significant seed spice from the Apiaceae family, is characterized by its distinct aroma and taste, attributed to its volatile oil content (2.5-5%). In postharvest processing, grinding is a crucial stage requiring careful handling to preserve flavor and aroma constituents. However, conventional grinding methods can lead to volatile oil loss due to varying grinding temperatures. To address this, a study was conducted using cryogenic grinding of ajwain seeds with liquid nitrogen on a laboratory-scale cryogenic grinder. The grinding was performed at temperatures ranging from 0°C to -100°C, with feed rates of 8, 9, and 10 kg/h and sieves of 0.8 and 1.0 mm. The study focused on liquid nitrogen consumption and the volatile oil content of the ground powder. The optimal conditions for producing high-quality ajwain seed powder were determined to be a feed temperature of -60°C, a feed rate of 8 kg/h, and a sieve size of 0.8 mm, achieving the highest retention of volatile oil at 2.9%. This approach highlights the effectiveness of cryogenic grinding in preserving the volatile oil content in ajwain seeds, offering a promising method for maintaining the quality of spice powders.
Deprtment of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Odisha University of Agriculture &Technology, Bhubaneswar, Orrisa, India. Corresponding e-mail: swarnalata1967@rediffmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i03.52
Key words: Dark treatment, SPAD value, tomato, fruit yield
Abstract: Chloroplasts play a crucial role in photosynthesis because their chlorophyll content has a positive relationship with the photosynthetic rate. The chlorophyll content is an important assessment parameter for crop improvement research and is affected by dark-induced stress. The present investigation was undertaken to study variation in the chlorophyll content of 45 tomato genotypes exposed to dark treatment under ex vivo conditions and its association with fruit yield. Forty days after transplanting, healthy and well-expanded leaves were excised from the mother plant and exposed to dark treatment for 7 days. Chlorophyll content was indirectly measured by using a Minolta SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter on 0, 3rd, 5th and 7th day of dark treatment. Results revealed wide variation in the SPAD value at different durations of dark treatment. On 3rd day of dark treatment, the SPAD value ranged from 4.17 to 21.33 SPAD unit with a mean of 12.06. On 5th day of dark treatment, the SPAD value ranged from 4.07 to 20.56 SPAD unit with a mean of 10.43 and at 7th day of dark treatment the SPAD value ranged from 3.32 to 14.33 SPAD unit with a mean of 8.03. Some genotypes, such as BT 3, BT 17 and BT 207-2, were susceptible to the dark. The genotypes such as BT 2, Utkal Raja, BT 101, BT 218, BT 17-2, BT 442-2, BT 12-3-2, BT 413-1-2, BT 429-2-2, & BT 433-1-2 were identified as tolerant to dark. A positive association was observed between SPAD values and fruit yield.
1Department of Life Science, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein 9301, South Africa; 2Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa; 3Department of Agriculture, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein, South Africa. Corresponding e-mail: zkhetsha@cut.ac.za
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i03.53
Key words: Proliferation, succession, coliforms, cold supply chain, opportunistic pathogens, antibiotic resistance
Abstract: Leafy vegetables are a highly variable group of perishable food that broadly can be defined as vegetables grown for their edible leaves. This study was conducted to investigate the safety of commodities grown at farms and those sold in various retails globally, cascading to South Africa, and to determine the identification and characterization of the microbiota. Therefore, the authors conducted a desktop and literature review using popular trusted search engines with special keywords. For this study, the authors-maintained research material from 2010-2024, constituting research articles, reviews, book chapters, thesis, research short communications, and industrial short communications. From this study, it could be deduced that leafy green commodities differ from intact vegetables with regard to their physiology, handling, processing, and storage. In addition, various agronomic activities were identified as contributing to the contamination of leafy greens at various stages of minimal processing, including distribution. More studies have shown that various types of microorganisms are found in leafy vegetables purchased at small-scale farms and retail stores. Concerning that, characterise those that are pathogenic to human health and those that are beneficial and how to treat through antibiotics the diseases caused by those that are pathogenic to our health. Furthermore, the findings of this study revealed that some opportunistic pathogen communities in fresh leafy vegetables are diverse and can pose a health risk to consumers, leading to death. Finally, food safety and security remain a global challenge, and stunting continues to affect the majority of developing countries. Thus, future studies should focus on improving food safety management systems reducing food poisoning, recall incidents and outbreaks by controlling critical points and food security in primary horticulture production environments even at retail and determining which antimicrobials will inhibit the growth of specific bacteria causing a certain infection.
Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Nauni, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India. Corresponding e-mail: sabhyapathania209@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i03.54
Key words: Marigold, Tagetes spp, Pusa Deep, Pusa Bahar, seracole, potting substrate, vegetative attributes, flowering, leaf mould, spent mushroom compost, pot presentability
Abstract: The influence of various potting substrates on the vegetative and floral attributes of three marigold cultivars (‘Pusa Bahar’, ‘Pusa Deep’, and ‘Seracole’) was investigated in the mid-hills of Himachal Pradesh. Eight different substrates were utilized, including soil+FYM (1:1, v/v), soil+FYM (2:1, v/v), soil+sand+FYM (1:1:1, v/v), sand+soil+FYM (2:1:1, v/v), spent mushroom compost (SMC), smc+soil+sand+FYM (1:1:1:1, v/v), leaf mould and leaf mould+soil+FYM (1:1:1, v/v). Among the different potting substrates, the substrate composed of leaf mould+soil+FYM (1:1:1, v/v) exhibited superior performance, resulting in maximum plant height (50.52 cm), plant spread (34.70 cm), number of shoots (11.74), number of flower heads open at a time (12.49), largest flower head diameter (5.60 cm), total number of flowers per plant (18.37), pot presentability score (80.60), available NPK (659.16 kg ha-1, 23.87 kg ha-1 and 335.61 kg ha-1, respectively) and OC (44.61 g kg-1). Regarding cultivar variation, ‘Pusa Deep’ demonstrated significant attributes with the maximum plant spread (36.24 cm), number of flower heads open at a time (15.75), total number of flowers per plant (24.57) and pot presentability score (79.40). However, ‘Seracole’ exhibited the highest number of shoots (12.02), largest flower head size (5.81 cm), maximum available NPK (505.26 kg ha-1, 18.15 kg ha-1 and 43.25 kg ha-1, respectively) and OC (43.25 g kg-1). This study suggests that a potting medium containing Leaf Mould+Soil+FYM (1:1:1, v/v) coupled with the ‘Pusa Deep’ cultivar is optimal for producing high-quality potted marigold plants. These findings offer practical insights for improving marigold cultivation practices by selecting optimal potting substrates along with the cultivar in similar agro-climatic regions, potentially enhancing flowering, marketability and economic returns for farmers.
1Ibn University Khaldoun, Tiaret, Algeria. 2Laboratory of Vegetal Protection, Abdelhamid Ibn Badis University, Mostaganem, Algeria. 3Desert Research Center, Mataria, Cairo, Egypt. Corresponding e-mail: samirasoualem2006@yahoo.fr
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i03.55
Key words: Silicate potassium, water deficit, yield, protein, proline, rehabilitation, animal feed
Abstract: The water deficit effects on growth parameters, protein content and proline level in the Gtaf (Atriplex halimus) plant were investigated using potassium silicate under three drip irrigation regimes (100, 75 and 50% of field capacity). Compared to the control, yield biomass estimated by the dry and fresh weight of the shoot decreased significantly at severe deficit irrigation levels. In contrast, the moderate-level treatment stimulated the growth. The silicate treatments mitigated the adverse effect caused by water deficit but at a moderate level. The concentration of protein in leaves decreased by decreasing water, while the reverse effect was observed with the application of potassium silicate. Medium treated with silicate of potassium increased the proline accumulation in leaves, especially at the higher deficit level. Under the potassium silicate treatment, the proline concentration dramatically rose in response to the higher stress level. At low deficit level, there was a slight, but not significant, decrease in this trait. Based on these findings, Atriplex halimus as an axero-halophytic shrub could be economical to use as animal feed materials and for the rehabilitation and revegetation of water deficit-affected lands.
1Department of Entomology, B.A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand – 388 110. 2Department of Entomology, C. P. College of Agriculture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar – 385 506. 3Department of Entomology, N.M. College of Agriculture, Navsari Agricultural University, Navsari – 396 450. Corresponding e-mail: jayitaliya7898@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i03.56
Key words: Thrips parvispinus, brinjal, invasive thrips, Solanum melongena, vegetables
Abstract: The current investigation focused on assessing the prevalence of thrips infestation on vegetables in the southern region of Gujarat. The study recorded the presence of Thrips parvispinus (Karny) specifically in brinjal fields during the survey conducted in 2022–23. T. parvispinus infestation was observed on both flowers and fruits of the brinjal plants. The impact of this infestation was evident as infested flowers were observed to drop prematurely, and lesions were observed on the rinds of the fruits. This discovery of T. parvispinus (Karny) infesting brinjal marks the first documented occurrence of this novel invasive thrips species affecting brinjal cultivation in Gujarat, India. This finding highlights the need for further research and management strategies to address the threat posed by this invasive pest to brinjal crops.
1Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. 2Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Periyakulam, Tamil Nadu, India. Corresponding e-mail: irenevetha17@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i03.57
Key words: Turkey berry, dormancy breaking, tap water treatment, hot water treatment, gibberellic acid (GA3), potassium nitrate (KNO3)
Abstract: The Turkey berry plant (Solanum torvum Sw), used as rootstock for vegetable grafting and a key medicinal species in Indian Systems of Medicine (ISM), and homeopathy from the Solanaceae family, faces challenges in commercial cultivation due to seed dormancy, which inhibits germination. To enhance the germination and seedling quality characteristics of Turkey berries, an experiment was therefore carried out in the Department of Vegetable Sciences at the Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, in the years 2022–2023. In this study, effectiveness of seed dormancy-breaking treatments (12) using a Completely Randomised Block Design (CRD) with replicated three times undertaken. The seed treatment includes control, physical scarification using tap and hot water, and chemical scarification using GA3 and KNO3. The maximum values for early germination, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, shoot length, and root length were significantly recorded by GA3 400 ppm for 24 hours among the various treatments. However, the KNO3 3% treatment for 24 hours was superior to GA3 400 ppm treatment for 24 hours in terms of early germination, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, shoot length, and root length. It also had a significant impact on the germination and survival percentage, while the control had the lowest value. Therefore, it may be recommended to use GA3 400 ppm and KNO3 3% for 24 hours to promote germination and break dormancy in S. torvum.
1AICRP on Spices, Pepper Research Station, Panniyur, Kerala Agricultural University, India 670142. 2Agricultural Research Station, Thiruvalla, Kerala Agricultural University, India. Corresponding e-mail: resmi.paul@kau.in
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i03.58
Key words: black pepper, correlation, field evaluation, heritability, path analysis
Abstract: Black pepper, the king of spices, is grown for its dry berries. Genetic variation and the relationship between yield and yield-linked characters in nine black pepper genotypes were studied. Highly significant differences for all the characters were found in the variance analysis. Maximum GCV and PCV were noted for spike length, dry berry yield and number of berries spike-1. High heritability and genetic advance over the mean exhibited by the genotypes for dry recovery and spike length indicate additive gene effect in the expression of these characters. Dry berry yield plant-1 had a very strong correlation with fresh berry yield plant-1 and dry recovery at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. During path analysis, fresh berry weight and dry recovery percentage showed a high positive direct and indirect effect on dry berry weight. Genotype PRS 161 was found superior in morphological, yield and yield-related characters, followed by SV11 among the different genotypes studied. Fresh berry yield per plant and dry recovery percentage are the most critical factors for enhancing dry yield in black pepper genotypes, while the number of berries per spike plays a significant indirect role.
1Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, 2Department of Post Harvest Technology, 3Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Kerala Agricultural University, Vellanikkara, Thrissur-680656, Kerala, India. Corresponding e-mail: drminisankar@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i03.59
Key words: Philodendron xanadu, soilless growing media, cocopeat, coco chips, vermicompost, perlite, vermiculite and neem cake
Abstract: The study on optimizing soilless growing media for compact growth of Philodendron xanadu was conducted at the Department of Floriculture and Landscaping, College of Agriculture, Vellanikkara, India. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with five different growing media, viz., M1: cocopeat (50%) + vermicompost (30%) + perlite (10%) + vermiculite (10%), M2: cocopeat (50%) + vermicompost (20%) + neem cake (10%) + perlite (10%) +vermiculite (10%), M3: coco chips (50%) + vermicompost (30%) + perlite (10%) + vermiculite (10%), M4: coco chips (50%) + vermicompost (20%) + neem cake (10%) + perlite (10%) + vermiculite (10%) and M5: cocopeat (60%) + vermicompost (20%) + perlite (20%). The study revealed that plants grown in media M2 and M4 showed significant variations and superior performance in vegetative and root parameters. These media also exhibited the highest chlorophyll content and favorable physical and chemical properties, enhancing nutrient uptake and plant growth cost-effectively. The inclusion of cocopeat in M2 and coco chips in M4, along with organic amendments such as vermicompost, perlite, and vermiculite, provided excellent water retention, aeration, and nutrient content, promoting root and vegetative growth. Additionally, the neem cake amendment contributed to the superior performance of plants in these media. Conclusively, these growing media M2 and M4 are recommended for achieving the compact growth of Philodendron xanadu, emphasizing the potential of optimized soilless growing media for sustainable and efficient Ornamental Horticulture.
ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hesaraghatta Lake Post, Bengaluru - 560 089, Karnataka, India. Corresponding e-mail: Rajendiran.S@icar.gov.in
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i03.60
Key words: Zinc fertilization, residual effect, zinc availability, crop yield, vegetables
Abstract: Crops' response to zinc application may vary under different management systems. The objective of the current investigation was to study the effect of different levels of Zn fertilization on direct and residual availability of zinc in soil, crop yield and uptake of zinc in the chilli-finger millet-amaranthus system on an Alfisol. Field experiments were conducted during 2019-2020 in low zinc soil (0.88 mg kg-1) and treatments were as a one-time application of 5, 10, 15 and 20 kg Zn ha-1 through ZnSO4.7H2O as basal dose only for chilli; foliar application of 0.5% ZnSO4.7H2O (two times for each crop) and control (no Zn fertilization). Extractable Zn content of soil improved from 0.88 to 2.10 mg kg-1 by basal application of Zn. It also enhanced Zn concentration in crop produce resulting in higher Zn uptake. The direct effect of Zn fertilization significantly improved chilli yield in all the treatments over the control, however, the significant residual effect of yield enhancement in finger millet and amaranthus was recorded by basal application of Zn from 10 kg ha-1 onwards. By increasing the Zn doses from 10 kg to 20 kg per ha, no further significant improvement in yield was noticed with corresponding soil DTPA-Zn of more than 1.5 mg kg-1. From the results, it is obvious that onetime zinc fertilization of 10 kg ha-1 y-1 through soil could be the best option to correct Zn deficiency and improve the productivity of vegetable-based systems. If DTPA-Zn content of soil reaches 1.5 mg kg-1 and above, subsequent Zn application can be avoided.
1Ornamental Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University. 2Ornamental Plants and Landscape Gardening Research, Horticultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt. Corresponding e-mail: ghada.diab_2007@yahoo.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i03.61
Key words: Zantedeschia aethiopica, eucalyptus oil, cut flowers, humic acid, 8-HQC, citric acid,GA3,vase life, water uptake.
Abstract: The calla lily cut flower (Zantedeschia aethiopica cv. ‘Romance’), with a white spathe, is a significant ornamental flower. There is a growing interest in developing cost-effective and eco-friendly preservative solutions to extend vase life. The Ornamental Plants and Landscape Gardening Research Department, Horticulture Research Institute, Giza, Egypt, conducted this study in the postharvest laboratory during the 2020 and 2021 to examine the effects of various holding solutions, both individually and in combination, including distilled water (DW) as a control, eucalyptus oil (EO) at concentrations of 1 and 2 mL/L, humic acid (HA) at 25 and 50 mL/L, sucrose (Suc) at 20 g/L, 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate (HQ) at 0.2 g/L, citric acid (CA) at 0.2 g/L, and gibberellic acid (GA3) at 0.05 g/L. The results showed that all holding solutions significantly improved the measured characteristics compared to distilled water. It’s worth mentioning that putting cut flowers in a solution with humic acid at 25 mL/L, either alone or with sucrose at 20 g/L and citric acid at 0.2 g/L, made the flowers last longer, look better, and have higher flower fresh weight (IFFW%), relative fresh weight (RFW%), water uptake rate (mL), and total carbohydrate content (%). During both seasons, humic acid (50 or 25 mL/L) as a single treatment yielded the highest phenol content followed by eucalyptus oil (2 mL/L).
Department of Horticulture, Naini Agricultural Institute, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj - 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India. Corresponding e-mail: utkarshdessai11@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i03.62
Key words: Breadfruit, green leafy vegetables, organoleptic properties, papad, physico-chemical properties
Abstract: Breadfruit, a nutrient dense, large starchy fruit rich in complex carbohydrates, but low in fat and cholesterol, can be used creatively in papad making, a traditional, thin, crispy wafer like food item which enhances meals and snacks, as well as used with nutrient rich green leafy vegetables to provide a wholesome, balanced dietary option. The experiment aimed to develop value-added breadfruit papad incorporated with spinach, coriander, mint, curry (Bergera koenigii), fenugreek, drumstick and dill green leaves. The objective was to assess the physico-chemical and organoleptic properties of the breadfruit papad. The experiment was conducted in Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with eight treatments and three replications. Based on the results of the experiment, it was observed that treatment T6 (breadfruit + drumstick leaves) was found best in terms of physico-chemical properties, viz., moisture, ash, fat, protein, carbohydrate and energy. Based on sensory evaluation, treatment T3 (breadfruit + mint leaves) was found most acceptable in terms of organoleptic properties, viz., colour, taste, flavour, texture and overall acceptability. The present study demonstrated the successful incorporation of green leafy vegetables into breadfruit papad, offering a promising avenue to enhance the utilization and popularity of both breadfruit and green leafy vegetables.
1Division of Floriculture and Landscaping, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110012. 2Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture, Bagalkot, UHS-Bagalkot, Karnataka, India-587104. 3Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture, Bangalore, UHS-Bagalkot, Karnataka, India-560065. 4Department of Crop Improvement and Biotechnology, College of Horticulture, Bagalkot, UHS-Bagalkot, Karnataka, India-587104. Corresponding e-mail: lavaflori@gmail.com
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2024.v26i03.63
Key words: Gomphrena (Gomphrena globosa L.), correlation, path analysis
Abstract: A study was conducted using 17 Gomphrena genotypes to investigate the relationship of yield traits and their direct and indirect impacts on flower production. Correlation studies revealed that at genotypic level, flower yield per plant recorded significant and positive connotations with number of flowers per plant (0.990) which was accompanied by traits like primary branches per plant (0.848), stem girth (0.835), plant height (0.829), secondary branches (0.812), shelf life (0.742), flowering duration (0.722), inflorescence length (0.718), plant spread in N-S direction (0.685), first flowering (days) (0.671), plant spread in E-W direction (0.667), individual flower weight (0.648), stalk length (0.606) and other traits. Path analysis disclosed that the number of flowers per plant (1.140) had the highest and positive direct impact on flower yield per single plant, followed by the days to first flowering (0.346), individual flower weight (0.217), plant height (0.189), primary branches per plant (0.168), days to 50 percent flowering (0.137), secondary branches (0.127), plant spread (0.006) and inflorescence length (0.002). These traits, especially the number of flowers per plant and primary branches plant, can be chosen as a key indicator for selection criteria along with other traits in Gomphrena breeding programme.