Flavonoids and essential oil composition of Stachys lavandulifolia, Teucrium polium, Thymus daenensis and Ziziphora clinopodioides
1Department of Horticulture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. 2Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak 38156-8-8349-Iran. 3Department of Plant Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran. 4Gene Bank Department, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran. Corresponding e-mail:swatikapoor@pau.edu
DOI: https://doi.org/10.37855/jah.2022.v24i01.04
Key words: Flavonoids, essential oil, Iran, Lamiaceae, mint, Zagros
Abstract: Iran has different environmental conditions due to its specific geographical location. Therefore, exploring essential oil and flavonoid components among medicinal plants in different areas may result in discoveries about valuable bioactive compounds. The present investigation aimed to study flavonoids profile and essential oils composition of four Lamiaceae species i.e., Stachys lavandulifolia, Teucrium polium, Thymus daenensis and Ziziphora clinopodioides from Oshtorankoh located on Zagros Mountains, Iran. A chemical study using two dimentional paper chromatography (2-DPC) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) showed that the four studied species contained flavone C and C-/O glucosides and flavonoid sulphates. The present study revealed that T. polium had high levels of many flavonoids such as apigenin, genistein, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, quercetin, rutin, and vitexin compared to the other studied plants. The results of GC/MS analysis showed that S. lavandulifolia was rich in ?-pinene (21.16 %) and 1,8-cineol (16.95 %), T. polium in ?-pinene (12.21 %) and sabinene (9.55 %), T. daenensis in ?-Terpinene (36.98 %) and p-Cymene (26.87 %), and Z. clinopodioides in piperitone (16.84 %) and 1,8-cineol (16.11 %) components.
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